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This commentary proposes a revised framework for classifying research gaps to enhance clarity and applicability in academic inquiry. Building on prior taxonomies by Miles[1], it identifies overlaps among commonly cited categories such as evidence, empirical, knowledge, and practical-knowledge gaps. The revised classification consolidates redundant categories and introduces a new domain—the geographical gap—to address global disparities in research representation. Five categories are defined: (1) evidence or empirical gap, (2) knowledge or practical-knowledge gap, (3) methodological gap, (4) population gap, and (5) geographical gap. Drawing from interdisciplinary literature, this manuscript emphasizes the importance of inclusive methodologies, context-sensitive frameworks, and equitable knowledge production. This reimagined taxonomy aims to guide researchers, institutions, and policymakers in identifying underexplored areas and fostering more globally representative research agendas.

Based on an overarching science- and humanities approach to biopsychosocial interaction, such as that desired in care, healthcare, and social care, an appropriate systems theory has been introduced. Taking interactions, not single processes, as its smallest element, it allows one to focus on the meaningful content of structured interactions, as related to their present context. The latter contains its constituting quantitative and qualitative, locally, and situationally meaning-generating aspects, in the form of the interaction partners’ role-specific aspectual qualities. Engaged in specifying systematised interaction, contributing partners are seen as providing, recruiting, and implementing information, acting as individual agencies in their relational matrix to possibly converge to systematically combined co-acting units, as systems made of systems. The systematised approach gives a more empiric view of mandatorily interacting systems and their content-as-meaning-generating potency.Empiric systems theory can be applied wherever primordially embedded agencies’ processing occurs and extended decontextualization fails or is inappropriate. Its advantage is its consideration of relational structure and corresponding perspectivity right from the beginning, which enables one to conceptualise and understand systems as containers and producers of perspectival meaning. Accordingly, the theory is a semantic systems theory as well.

This article presents an in-depth analysis of Canadian university publications in 2023, conducted through a Scopus search for "Canada." The research provides insights into prominent academic associations, with University of Toronto leading at 19,960 publications, followed by University of British Columbia (11,658) and Université McGill (9,123). Engineering and Medicine emerge as leading disciplines, with significant collaborative efforts observed in interdisciplinary research and Environmental Science. Private institutions such as Trinity Western University and University Canada West demonstrate vibrant research atmospheres, particularly in Business, Management, Accounting, and Computer Science. The investigation offers an overview of research environments, highlighting collaboration patterns and areas of specialization within both public and private academia.

The structural-genetic theory program is an off-spring of Piagetian theory. It has accomplished the task that Piaget had intended to carry out but did not seriously. He wanted to study children to understand better history of mind, science, philosophy, and culture. The new program has shown that world history of culture, society, politics, law, morals, science, philosophy, religion, and arts has gone through the same stages that are known from developmental psychology. Accordingly, psychogenetic advancements have shaped the historical trajectories of these collective systems or societal phenomena. The application of developmental psychology to history sheds also a new light on the rise of modern, industrial society, thus dwarfing competing materialistic, institutional, and economic approaches. It is held that the new program inherits positions provided by Elias, Weber, Wundt, Cassirer, and other classical authors. It cannot only rebuild single humanities and social sciences but can also unify them under one common roof, breaking apart borders previously separating them from each other.1

The structural-genetic theory programme is an offshoot of Piagetian theory and Piagetian Cross-Cultural Psychology. It resorts to the application of stage theory to history, that is to parallels between ontogenetic and historical stages. Accordingly, the adolescent stage of formal operations evolved late in history, usually not before the 17th century, making and causing the Age of Enlightenment, with its manifestations: rise of physical sciences, industrial economy, formulation of liberty rights and humanistic philosophy, emergence of classical music, etc. The new theory offers possibilities to unify all human disciplines and social sciences under one common roof as they all need a general theory of the human being which stage theory can provide. They all deal with historical developments such as the history of language, law, sciences, economy, morals, philosophy, arts, worldview, religion, and politics that is shaped and carried by psychogenetic stage developments of humans in history.

Data interpretation, as the last stage of social research, is neglected in literature. It is described briefly, vaguely, inaccurately, being often associated with the data analysis stage or being replaced with the description of the way in which a research report must be written. The article brings arguments in favour of addressing data interpretation as a stage in itself, it shows that standardisation is needed so that the research results are easily identified, evaluated and used and it presents a universal guide, a set of rules specific to this stage, independently of the theoretical or methodological approach of the research carried out. The article also claims the introduction of results evaluation as a mandatory process for any research in which the generalisation and the practical and/or theoretical impact of the results are valued.

Framed in the relevance and scope of the enactivism approach about cognition for social sciences, this theoretical essay intends to develop an hypothesis about the co-determination role of significance in social action and interaction based on the enactivism approach of cognition processes. We are interested in arguing the central role of subjective and intersubjective significance in the historical constitution of social reality, understanding this constitution as a constant dynamic of meaning production in actions. From this perspective we point out to understand significance as part of the individual and social life experience of the cognitive agent’s perceptual, cognitive operation; and besides as a mediation instance between subject and world where naturally lives transformation possibilities. Based on the understanding that social reality is a process that we can define as an unfinished and constant social configuration and reconfiguration, we proposed cognitive production significance as a fundamental factor in the historical constitution and social transformation of the reality regarding this significance can be defined as the imprevisible and chanced convergence of cognitive circumstances in action.