University College London, University of London
Medicine
Professor Emeritus of Health Psychology at UCL. Research focuses on addiction and behaviour change.
Disclosure of potential competing interest
A report that provides information about a person's potential competing interest. Curator note: This is not the same as a competing interest or a potentially competing interest. It is the means by which these are communicated. Elaboration: Good practice involves being as inclusive as possible to ensure full transparency and include both financial and non-financial attributes that might conceivably influence the conduct, reporting or evaluation of research whether or not it actually does so.
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Financial potential competing interest
A potential competing interest that involves the possibility of personal financial gain or loss resulting from enactment of the professional role. Curator note: The definition was adapted from the PLOS definition. For source see competing interest. Elaboration: This includes: 1) ownership of stocks or shares, 2) employment in an organisation, 3) providing paid consultancy to an organisation, 4) being a director of a company, 5) receiving any kind of funding or tangible benefit (e.g. research grant, travel funding, hospitality, gift) from an organisation, 6) ownership of, or pending application for, a patent, and 7) seeking funding from an organisation, that may be affected by the enactment of the professional role. It also includes all of the above that relate to an intimate partner. Organisation includes commercial organisation, government agency, and charity.
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Potential competing interest
A personal attribute that could be a competing interest. Curator note: The definition was adapted from the PLOS definition. For source seeCompeting interest Elaboration: Potentially competing interests should be fully disclosed by people in any research, clinical, professional or policy-making role to enable stakeholders to make an informed judgement about the potential for bias. They include: 1) financial potential competing interests, as well as 2) potentially being personally affected by, 3) having close friends, colleagues or relations who may be affected by, 4) having strong values relating to, 5) acting as an advisor to an organisation that may be affected by, and 6) being a member of a lobby group or pressure group relating to, the conduct of the professional role.
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Competing interest
A personal stake that interferes with the impartial enactment of a professional role. Curator note: The definition was adapted from the PLOS definition. https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/competing-interests Elaboration: Competing interests carry no implication of wrong-doing and are often unavoidable. However, they must be disclosed and in some cases may preclude someone from performing a particular role.
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Personal stake
A personal attribute that involves an outcome of value to that person arising from a process. Curator note: This is derived from the idea of a stakeholder and is a generalisation of vested interest. Elaboration: Value here can be positive or negative. This definition refers to actual value rather than perceived value. The process that produces the outcome will often be an event such as reporting of the outcome of a clinical trial, or delivery of a verdict in a trial, or enactment of legislation.
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Personal attribute
A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in a human being. Curator note: 'Specifically dependent continuant' is a high level entity in basic Formal Ontology (BFO) https://basic-formal-ontology.org/ Elaboration: Includes the BFO entities qualities, dispositions and roles. It includes anything that might characterise an person.
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